What are the requirements for a witness's testimony as per EAC 12?

The requirement that witnesses must swear an oath or affirmation is essential to the integrity of the evidentiary process under EAC 12. Taking an oath or making an affirmation emphasizes the importance of truthfulness in testimony, establishing a legal obligation for the witness to provide honest and accurate evidence. This requirement serves to uphold the credibility of the judicial system and ensures that witnesses understand the gravity of their role in court proceedings.

In legal contexts, the need for witnesses to affirm the truth of their statements reinforces the concept of accountability, as false testimony can lead to penalties. The oath or affirmation acts as a reminder that the information provided must be truthful and is crucial in fostering a reliable and trustworthy legal environment.

Other choices do not hold the same weight in terms of the foundational requirements for a witness's testimony. While legal standing might be relevant, it is not a primary concern in this context. Written statements are not a requirement for all witness testimonies, and prior knowledge of the case is not universally necessary for witness credibility or competence. Thus, the requirement of taking an oath or affirmation stands out as the key criterion for valid witness testimony.