What is considered a "declaration against interest"?

A "declaration against interest" refers to a statement made by an individual that is harmful or detrimental to that person's own interests. This legal concept is grounded in the idea that people are unlikely to make self-incriminating statements unless they are truthful, as admitting to something detrimental can expose them to liability or repercussions. Therefore, these declarations are considered particularly reliable and can be admissible as evidence in court despite hearsay rules.

In contrast, other options do not capture the essence of a declaration against interest. A statement made that provides a benefit to the speaker does not align with the concept, as it conflicts with the idea of making a statement that could be against one’s own interests. Statements made under duress may be unreliable due to coercion and lack the voluntary nature necessary for them to qualify as a declaration against interest. Finally, a statement that aligns with public interest does not necessarily reflect the personal detriment necessary for establishing this type of declaration.

Thus, the focus on self-detriment in option B correctly defines a declaration against interest, underscoring its significance in evidentiary contexts.